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Japan is considered a water-rich country. Yet, recent socioecological history suggests that the country has undergone some drastic changes in its water environment as an extended effect of its post-war industrialization and urbanization. On the other hand, Japan also houses ingenious and time-tested methods of water management in its traditional...

Urban green spaces (UGS) significantly influence the distribution of surface heat and play a crucial role in regulating surface temperature. However, the quantitative relationship between UGS and surface temperature remains unclear, necessitating further research. This study aims to predict surface temperature based on green space information from...

Dynamic monitoring of reservoir water storage in arid areas is important for water resources assessment, hydroelectric power generation and agricultural irrigation. However, existing reservoir water calculation methods often rely on in-situ measurements, which limits their application in data scarce regionals and for regional scale analyses. Hence...

This report summarises the findings of the following OECD initiatives that are particularly useful in considering the integrated implementation of domestic measures in Japan: the latest developments in OECD work on the environmental aspects of responsible corporate behaviour; the latest IPAC developments and good practices in climate policy; and...

The resilience perspective is becoming more important in a world facing the escalating impacts of climate change and natural disasters. There is an increasing emphasis on resilience as a key element of sustainable development and the importance of strengthening resilience and promoting sustainable development in order to reduce social and economic...

2022 年12 月に開催された生物多様性条約第15 回締約国会議第二部において、生物多様性分野の新たな国際枠組みである昆明・モントリオール生物多様性枠組（KMGBF）が採択された。これを踏まえ、KMGBFの速やかな実施に向けた議論及び更なる開発が必要とされた議題について2023 年度に議論が行われた。これら議論に積極的に参加・貢献するため、本業務では、生物多様性枠組関連会合について、主に以下の業務を実施した。 (1)関連会合で扱われる主要議題の調査・分析 (2)3 つの関連会合（自然を活用した解決策（NbS）に関する政府間協議、生物多様性条約第 25 回科学技術助言補助機関会合（SBSTTA25）、生物多様性条約第8 条(j)及び関連規定に関する第12 回作業部会）における議論の把握...

The Forest Environment Transfer Tax (FETT), a scheme similar to Payment for Ecosystem Services (PES), was introduced for Japanese forests at the national level in 2019 to address the challenges of climate change and promote management mainly in privately owned forests under the New Forest Management System (NFMS). Given insufficient human and...

2020年10月、わが国が「2050年カーボンニュートラル、脱炭素社会の実現」を宣言したことを受け、2023年末の時点で、東京都・京都市・横浜市を始めとする1,013自治体（46都道府県、570市、22特別区、327町、48村）が「2050年までに二酸化炭素排出実質ゼロ」を表明した。係る自治体の総人口は約1億2,577万人にのぼる 。 葉山町（以下、本町）では、令和3年3月、2050年に温室効果ガス排出量を実質ゼロにすることを表明する「はやま気候非常事態宣言」を発表し、「町民や事業者へ再生可能エネルギーの利用や省エネルギーの推進について周知・啓発」の実施、「海や里山などを守り、本町の豊かな自然環境を未来へ継承」など5つのアクションを掲げた 。 2021年に改正した...

Central Asia's semi-arid regions, vital for sustaining vast populations and diverse ecosystems, are under heightened environmental stress. Among these regions, the Tuul River Basin, home to over half of Mongolia's population, characterizes the challenges posed by contemporary environmental shifts. This basin, a hub in Mongolia's socio-economic...

The survey aimed to reveal the status of, and challenges and opportunities in, biodiversity efforts by individual companies in Japan, and collectively as the Japanese business sector, referring to key global frameworks such as the Kunming Montreal Biodiversity Framework (GBF) of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) and the Taskforce on...