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2020 年 9月 22日に開かれた国連 75周年総会の一般討論演説において、中国習近平国家主席（以下、習主席）は、「 2030年より前に二酸化炭素の排出のピークを達成し（ 2030年目標）、 2060年より前に炭素中立（カーボンニュートラル。以下、 2060年目標）を達成するように尽力」することを表明した。同年 12月 12日に開催された世界気候サミットの場にて、習主席は、 2030年より早い時期でのピークアウトの達成を強調し、 2030年まで、① GDP比 CO₂排出量を 2005年に比べ 65%以上削減する、②一次エネルギーに占める非化石エネルギーの割合を 25%前後にする、という目標を発表した（ 2030年強化目標）。中国政府は、 2030年強化目標と 2060年目標を「...

The Joint Message on the Synergy between Climate Action and Disaster Risk Reduction by the Japanese government calls for integrated approaches for disaster risk reduction and climate change adaptation in this era of climate crisis. In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, there is also a growing need to address cascading and compound effects of...

This paper provides good practice examples of strategies that governments have already implemented to contribute to a sustainable and resilient recovery from COVID-19 and to a longer-term redesign of their economies, which align with global goals and makes recommendations for further action. The target audience is national- and subnational-level...

Global warming is unequivocal. We have an urgent need to limit temperature rise below 2OC this century from pre-industrialized levels, and preferably below 1.5OC. This requires bringing down net GHG emissions to zero within the second half of the 21st century (Net Zero). The natural resources sector account for 24% of GHG (2010) emissions globally...

Illumination variations in non-atmospherically corrected high-resolution satellite (HRS) images acquired at different dates/times/locations pose a major challenge for large-area environmental mapping and monitoring. This problem is exacerbated in cases where a classification model is trained only on one image (and often limited training data) but...

The climate impacts at one place are increasingly been felt at a distance as the world is integrated in several ways. The official development assistance (ODA) has been one of the major influencers of development decisions made by developing countries. Over the years, several development projects have been implemented that are supported by ODA and...

Peatlands in Indonesia are subject to subsidence in recent years, resulting in significant soil organic carbon loss. Their degradation is responsible for several environmental issues; however, understanding the causes of peatland subsidence is of prime concern for implementing mitigation measures. Here, we employed time-series Small BAseline Subset...

In this novel and integrated MAR approach, an offsetting scheme under the concept of payment for ecosystem services (PES) is used to enhance groundwater recharge along the Shirakawa River in Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan. The scheme gives a cash incentive to farmers who pond their abandoned rice fields for groundwater recharge. For a specified period...

The flood vulnerability assessments conducted in Lao PDR and Myanmar inform us of at least eight messages to strengthen the flood risk reduction. These messagfs are 1. Stilted houses are the backbone of flood resilience, 2. Design of early warning should take into consideration the mobility of humans, assets and health facilities, 3. Flood...

CONSERVATION, RESTORATION AND management of forest resources are critical for addressing climate change. Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) are a vehicle for targeted climate actions, including those related to forest management, by countries towards contributing global efforts agreed under the Paris Agreement. Operationalizing climate...