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IGES Joint Crediting Mechanism (JCM) Database provides detailed information on the JCM methodologies, projects, and JCM feasibility studies to be utilized for research and development of JCM project. The JCM is being implemented under bilateral cooperation between Japan and 29 partner countries: Mongolia, Bangladesh, Ethiopia, Kenya, Maldives, Viet...

Aq’Qala county has been categorized as a high flood-prone area in Iran, and faced many major flood events in last two decades (e.g. in 2001, 2002, 2007, 2012, 2017, and 2019). The main aim of the current study is to produce and validate flood vulnerability rate (FVR) maps of this area relying on geospatial data. Vulnerability criteria were...

Climate change and overpopulation have led to an increase in water demands worldwide. As a result, land subsidence due to groundwater extraction and water level decline is causing damage to communities in arid and semiarid regions. The agricultural plain of Samalghan in Iran has recently experienced wide areas of land subsidence, which is...

Soil moisture is a critical component for Earth science studies, and Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data have high potential for retrieving soil moisture using backscattering models. In this study, polarimetric SAR (PALSAR: Phased Array type L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar) data and polarimetric decompositions including span, entropy/H/alpha, and...

In this study, we measured and characterized the relative dielectric constant of mineral soils over the 0.3–3.0 frequency range, and compared our measurements with values of three dielectric constant simulation models (the Wang, Dobson, and Mironov models). The interrelationship between land cover and soil texture with respect to the dielectric...

Generally, the characterization of land surface roughness is obtained from the analysis of height variations observed along transects (e.g., root mean square (RMS) height, correlation length, and autocorrelation function). These surface roughness measurements are then used as inputs for surface dynamics modeling, e.g., for soil erosion modeling...

This paper presents a collective sensing approach that integrates imperfect Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI) obtained through Citizen Science (CS) tree mapping projects with very high resolution (VHR) optical remotely sensed data for low-cost, fine-scale, and accurate mapping of trees in urban orchards. To this end, an individual tree crown...

IGES made a proposal of an MRV methodology for the JCM projects which installs solar PV systems to the JCM Joint Committee between Japan and Costa Rica. The Joint Committee approved a methodology CR_AM001 Ver1.0 "Installation of Solar PV System" on the basis of this proposal. The attached version (PM_001) includes three documents: the JCM Proposed...

途上国の森林減少・劣化に由来する温室効果ガス排出の削減等（以下「REDD＋」という。）は重要な気候変動対策であり、気候変動に関する国際連合枠組条約の第21回締約国会議（COP21）で合意された「パリ協定」にもその実施と支援を奨励することが明記されたところである。 REDD＋の推進には、途上国に対する資金と技術の提供が必要とされているが、公的資金には限界があることから、今後、REDD＋の取組みを拡大していくには、民間セクターからの資金や技術の提供が鍵となる。しかしながら、民間セクターがREDD＋に対して投資するには、排出削減クレジットが獲得できる等のインセンティブが必要（①）とされる。また、途上国がREDD＋を実施するには、COP決定を踏まえつつ、各々の国情に応じた排出削減量の算定...

REDD+の効果的な実施に向けた具体的な方策を示すため、REDD+の国際的な制度の動向等について多角的に調査・分析を行い、得られた結果について体系的に整理した。１－１ではUNFCCCを中心とした国際的な議論の動向について取りまとめた。１－２では、既存のクレジット制度である京都メカニズムの共同実施に注目した。１－３では、現在進んでいるREDD+に係る資金拠出に係る取組状況として、緑の気候基金、世界銀行の森林炭素パートナーシップ基金、The REDD+ Early Movers Programについて調査した。１－４では、REDD+に関する政策的な検討や各国の緩和対策の中での位置付けとREDD+活動の実施状況を、JCMパートナー国5カ国（インドネシア、ベトナム、カンボジア、ラオス、コスタリカ...