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With nearly 70 % of the global population expected to live in urban areas by 2050, cities will need to manage energy transitions to achieve ambitious carbon neutrality goals. As the current rate of decarbonization in cities is too slow to achieve these ambitious goals, feasible pathways toward deep decarbonization are becoming increasingly urgent...

The outcome of the first Global Stocktake (GST1), concluded at COP28, is expected to firmly inform countries’ next nationally determined contributions (NDCs), due in early 2025, so as to ensure that global efforts are on track to achieve the goals of the Paris Agreement. Taking Malaysia as a case study country, the objective of this study is to...

This article critically examines UNEP's Adaptation Gap Report 2023 (AGR2023) as a foundational source in the narrative that insufficient adaptation finance is the primary barrier to climate change adaptation and, based on this analysis, offers suggestions for future Conference of the Parties (COP) discussions on the adaptation framework. This...

The Institute for Global Environmental Strategies organized "the SDGs Global Human Resource Program that Connects Learning and Society through Environmental Issues" in FY2024 under UNESCO Activity Grant by Japan's Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT). Total of seventeen university and graduyate school students...

Key messages: 1. Climate change results in substantial loss and damage to societies and natural systems when it is not mitigated by reducing greenhouse gas emissions or averted through adaptation. Loss of life, extinction of species and ecosystem destruction are a few of the irreversible repercussions already attributed to unabated climate change...

In this study, we extracted above-ground biomass (AGB) information for forests in different ecological zones of ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations) by integrating freely-available global AGB, forest, and ecological zone map products. Our objective was to assess the suitability of the data and proposed approach for national reporting of...

This review article provides a thorough examination of the factors affecting energy consumption in India and around the world, focussing on suburban areas and their role in the broader context of building construction and energy efficiency. The study examines the switch from conventional energy sources to more diversified energy portfolios...

This paper critically reassesses the dominant narrative that insufficient adaptation finance is the primary obstacle to climate change adaptation in developing countries. Through a comprehensive review of UNEP's 2023 Adaptation Gap Report (AGR2023), which has played a pivotal role in shaping this narrative, the paper uncovers serious methodological...

The South Asian nations have vibrant agrarian economies with a significant proportion of their populations dependent on agriculture for their livelihoods. These countries have made significant progress in developing the agriculture policy environment though slowly through concerted actions over the years as a result of which they have increasingly...

The Mutual Learning Program for Enhanced Transparency (MLP) is for pairs of countries and organisations to learn and practice reporting exercises, namely developing common tabular formats (CTFs) 1, 2 and 5. The output of the MLP can be used as the basis for actual reporting of Biennial Transparency Reports (BTRs). The MLP is for those who directly...